The global telecom market size reached a value of nearly USD 2.81 trillion in 2019, having grown at a CAGR of 4.4% since 2015.
It will grow at a CAGR of 6.4% to nearly USD 3.45 trillion by 2022. The swift pace of 5G deployment worldwide will enable telecom operators tap in the new market segments as the 5G protocol will account for more than 15% of telecom network share globally by 2025.
Definition / Scope
In 1837, Samuel Morse first patented the telegraph. Eventually, it became the first form of electrical telecommunication. Later, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, which enabled to transmit voice electronically overcoming the limitation of sending message just through text by the former inventor.
Thereafter, with the advent of satellites, broadband, and wireless communications, fiber-optic, and internet in the last decade has transformed the way people communicate.
Telecommunication is the science of communicating over a long distance using telephone or radio technology. This involves using semiconductor, and other electrical technologies to transmit, receive, and switch data, voice, and video communications over different modes of media.
The six basic components of telecommunication network are:
- Terminals (input and output device)
- Channel (copper, coaxial, fiber-optic)
- Processor (analog to digital and vice versa)
- Control
- Message
- Protocol (3G, 4G, 5G)
Network types:
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN): PSTN is the fixed voice network. It consists of the transmission, switching, signaling and intelligent networks.
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM): The GSM network is a mobile voice network. It looks similar to PSTN but supports an additional service called terminal mobility. Similar to PSTN, it consists of a switching plane where Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) may be found. GSM provides voice services.
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS): GPRS reuses the existing GSM infrastructure to provide end to- end packet-switched services, i.e., data services. While the mobile packet core network is called GPRS, the access technologies which may be considered to access to the GPRS network are GPRS (BSS), EDGE (BSS), W-CDMA (UTRAN), HSDPA/HSUPA (UTRAN).
Broadband access and broadband services: The broadband services include IPTV (broadcast TV, video on demand) and IP Telephony. Fixed accesses include FTTx, xDSL, cable, WiMAX technologies while mobile accesses include HSDPA/HSUPA, HSPA+ (3G+), EPS (4G), and EVDO (Evolution Data Only used for supplying high speed data access in CDMA2000-based networks).
Long Term Evolution (LTE): LTE enhances the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) architecture, providing both improved bandwidth and an improved Quality of Service (QoS) for these data-intensive services. LTE is based on an Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (eUTRAN) and an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), which incorporate new modulation techniques and a flat, all-IP architecture for the efficient delivery of mobile data services.
Digital subscriber line (DSL): DSL is the main broadband telecom technology. Users get a high speed bandwidth connection from a phone wall jack on an existing telephone network. DSL works within the frequencies that the telephone doesn’t so you can use the Internet while making phone calls.